“Tulsi” -The wonder Herb (Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum Sanctum)

Sai Krishna.G* 
JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract
Ocimum sanctum is an annual herb belonging to the mint family with 150 varieties worldwide. Ocimum sanctum emits a spicy scent when bruised. It is believed to purify expectorants, and called the “wonder herb”. Tulsi is pungent and bitter in taste, pungent in the post digestive effect and has hot potency. The roots, leaves and seeds of Tulsi possess several medicinal properties. Ayurvedic texts categorise tulsi as stimulant, aromatic and antipyretic. It has a  variety of biological  / pharmacological activities  such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti protozoal, anti malarial, anthelmentic, anti diarrhoeal, analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, antiallergic, antihypertensive, cardioprotective, central  nervous  system  (CNS)  depressant,  memory  enhancer,  antihypercholesterolaemic,  hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-asthmatic, anti thyroidic, antioxidant, anticancer, chemopreventive, radio- protective, immunomodulatory, anti fertility, antiulcer, anti arthritic, adaptogenic / anti stress, anti cataract,  anti leucodermal and anticoagulant activities.Its leaves are helpful in sharpening memory and in curing fever and common cold.  Ocimum contains fixed oil which is confirmed by chemical tests for glycerine. The plant increased the physical endurance and prevented stress-induced ulcers.
Keywords: Ocimum sanctum, Expectorant, Stimulant, Anthelmentic, Antiallergic, Leucodermal, Glycerine.