A Review on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Management of its Complications

A. Bharath kumar*, C. Gopinath, Ramesh Dhani^2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, Rajampet, A.P, India
²Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, Pidathapoluru, Muthukur, SPSR Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India

A B S T R A C T
It is a nonspecific autoimmune inflammatory disease that typically affects multiple organs and systems. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs in the body. The genes plays a major role in the affecting the disease; the genes like IRF5, PTPN22, STAT4, CDKN1A. The abnormal activation of B-cells, T-cells, tends to form the auto antibody complex and results in organ damage. The symptoms includes Butterfly rash, Photosensitivity, Raynaud’s phenomenon Discoid lesions, Chest pain, Fatigue, Fever, General discomfort, malaise, Hair loss, Mouth sores, Sensitivity to sunlight. The diagnosis of the disease based on various tests includes Antinuclear antibody (ANA),CBC with differential, Chest x-ray, Urinalysis, ESR, Kidney blood tests, Liver function blood tests Rheumatoid factor, Antiphospholipid antibodies test. The DMARDs Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Corticosteroids and Antimalarials used to manage the disease.
Keywords: Butterfly rash, Photosensitivity, inflammation, disease.