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Béourou Sylvain2,*, Tuo Karim1,2, Ouattara Karamoko1, Touré André O.2, Meité Souleymane3, Ako Ako A.B.3, Tano Konan D1., Gbessi Adji E.3, Djaman Allico J.1,3, Coulibaly Adama1
1Pharmacodynamics Biochemical Laboratory, Biosciences U. F. R., University of Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, 22 PoBox 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.
2Department of parasitology and mycology, malariology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire
3Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire, Department of Fundamental and Medical Biochemistry, Toxicology Unit
Abstract
Because of the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to most of the antimalarial drugs and the burden of malaria, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new antimalarial compounds. Many investigations showed that plants are often the main sources of new medicines. In this study, a phytochimical screening was performed with plants used in traditional medicine in Côte d’Ivoire to treat malaria. We identified the chemical compounds groups that could guide us towards pharmacological studies. The 20 crude extracts obtained from medicinal plants were tested for the detection of chemical groups. An abundance presence of alkaloids in all extracts and an absence of steroids in all extracts except the decoction extract of Diospyoros monbuttensis have been established. The other chemical groups were present in all the 5 plants. Their presence in the different extracts varied according to extraction method. The whole results of the phytochemical screening would explain in a rational manner, the enthusiasm of traditional healers for these plants as antimalarial drug.
Keywords: Antimalarial Drug, Malaria, Phytochemical Screening, Medicinal Plants
