A Review on Diabetic Nephropathy

D. Saikoteswar sarma, Dr. M. Alagusundaram, N. Viharika, SK. Asha
Jagan’s College of Pharmacy, Jangala Kandriga (V), Muthukuru (M), Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.

ABSTRACT
Diabetic Nephropathy is defined as a persistent albuminuria and more commonly diagnosed by a urinary excretion of more than 300 mg/24 hour. It develops in around one third of patients with diabetes, with the Asia, Pacific region being the most severely affected. It is one of the causes of renal failure and end-stage renal disease. Factors like smoking and diastolic blood pressure have been found to be associated with microalbuminuria. Oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Role of traditional herbs and medicines in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy needs attention especially in India, where certain fruits and herbs are thought to have positive effects on health. Certain herbs such as Anacardiumoccidentale, Benincasacerifera, Brassica oleracea and Terminaliachebula etc. have shown positive effects in diabetic nephropathy.Therefore, there has been great interest in studying the inherent, renal protective role of the different antihyperglycemic agents. This review will shed light on the pathophysiology, screening, and diagnosis ofdiabetic kidney disease. It will also discuss the treatment and prevention of diabetic nephropathy, with a specific focus on comparing the mechanisms, safety profiles, and efficacy of the different antihyperglycemic medications.
Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy, microalbuminuria, pathogenesis, Herbal Medicines and their treatment.