Separation of Kawain, Flavokawain and 1,7-Diphenyl-5-hydroxy-6-heptene-3-one from the Rhizomes of Alipinia mutica using SWE-CNCC purification column technique

Yousif Jumaa A. Alrahman^a, Mohd Marsin Sanagia,^b, Abdulrahman Alzandi^c Hasnah Mohd Sirat^d , Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim^d and Hassan Y. Aboul-Eneind^e
aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and arts, Albaha University The kingdom of Saudi arabia
^bIbnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysiya.
^cDean of faculty of science and arts, Albaha University The kingdom of Saudi Arabia
^dDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
^eDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt 

A B S T R A C T
Rhizomes of Alpinia mutica plant has been employed for extraction and analysis purposes using water as green solvent.  Modified subcritical water extraction attached with selective and purified unit was also utilized for the extraction of natural products from the Rhizomes of Alpinia mutica. In this modified subcritical water extraction technique, water modified  with 6-10 % acetonitrile, methanol and ethanol was used as mobile phase where calcium carbonate obtained from sea shells was used as  adsorbent material to enhance selectivity and purity of the analyte to extract and investigate Rhizomes. During this work, Rhizomes of Alpinia mutica plant were introduced into the extraction vessel connected with the pump that delivers the extract and, which further passes through the attached unit to increase the selectivity and purity of the sample. The optimum conditions set for this reaction include 160 ⁰C as extraction temperature, 7 MPa pressure, 1.8 ml/min as elution volume and 29 min as extraction time.  It was also noted that 160°C extraction temperature produce reasonable amount of the products with three modifiers having same optimum conditions. The recovery of the compounds scores good results specially for kawain (96%). The Methanol 10% achieved high recovery when compared to the other ratio of modifiers.  Therefore in the developed method, extraction can be achieved rapidly and efficiently with reduced solvent usage.
Keywords: Subcritical water extraction, kawain, flavokawain, 1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-6-heptene-3-one (DPH), Alpinia mutica, rhizomes, High performance liquid chromatography