Analysis of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Potential of Cleistanthus collinus Roxb., Polygonum glabrum Wild. and Melia azedarch Linn.

Palani.R, D. Karunakaran, V. Rajesh, K. Mathivanan and P. Jayaraman^*
PG and Research Department of Botany, Government Arts College for Men (Autonomous) Nandanam, Chennai 600 035, Tamil Nadu.
NCADDD, 25 July 2014, Organized by Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli–620024, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract
Plants having potential phytochemical constituents which are capable of curing various human ailments and prevent disorders. Among the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial bioactive compounds are playing a key role in society especially in health care Industry. Based on the available scientific information, the present study is planned to collect the plant material of Cleistanthus collinus, Polygonam glabrum and Melia azedarch from Jawadhu hills for the analysis of phytochemical potential including antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The bioactive compounds present in the plant samples were extracted with solvents like methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and ether and analysed by standard procedures. The results of the present study show that the antioxidant potential of the all the plant extracts were found to be potent and remarkable radical scavenging activity. The IC₅₀ values were recorded as 64.54, 79.81 and 75.0 μg/ml for C. collinus, P. glabrum and M. azedarch, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts of C. collinus exhibited maximum activity against all the tested pathogens such as S. aureus, M. luteus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, with a maximum Zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 15, 11, 12 and 18 mm respectively.  The antifungal potential of the plant extracts was found to be less significant, as only C. collinus showed inhibition of 11 mm against both C. albicans and C. tropicali. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of compounds like Flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids and reducing sugars in all the above plants at significant level. Thus these plants could be explored further for a significant source of bioactive compounds.
Keywords: Phyto-chemical analysis, Antioxidant activity, Antimicrobial activity, Polygonam glabrum and Melia azedarch, Cleistanthus collinus